Ziena Hazim

Abstract:
This paper investigates a discrete-time prey–predator model incorporating the effects of competition and harvesting. The proposed model aims to describe the dynamics of interacting prey and predator populations under realistic ecological conditions, including limited resources and human intervention through harvesting. The existence of equilibrium points and their local and global stability are analyzed. Furthermore, the influence of competition intensity and harvesting rates on the system dynamics is examined, highlighting their role in determining population persistence, oscillatory behavior, or extinction scenarios. The study also explores possible qualitative changes in the system behavior resulting from variations in key parameters. The results emphasize the importance of discrete-time models in capturing population dynamics that evolve over successive time intervals and provide valuable insights for ecological management and conservation strategies.