(1)Lamees hamid habeeb

(2)Ahmed Ghanim Alhelal

(3) Mohammed Ejresh

Abstract :

Background: The long-term outcome of endodontic therapy is thought to be significantly impacted by apical sealing capacity. Inadequate canal preparation can raise apical microleakage and impair obturation quality, which could result in treatment failure and reinfection.Materials and Methods: Seventy-five excised human single-rooted premolars with curved root canals and mature apices were chosen, and they were split into experimental and control groups at random. WaveOne Gold (G1), Reciproc Blue (G2), or manual K-files (G3) were used to instrument root canals. There were also positive and negative control groups. Apical microleakage was evaluated using dye penetration technique after obturation. Shapiro-Wilk normality testing, independent t-tests, Kruskal-Wallis analysis, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Tukey’s post hoc comparisons were used for statistical analysis, with a significance level of p < 0.05.Results: Significant differences in microleakage were observed among the study groups (p = 0.001). WaveOne Gold demonstrated the lowest mean microleakage values (1.207 ± 0.030 mm), followed by Reciproc Blue (1.437 ± 0.063 mm), whereas manual K-files showed the highest leakage among the experimental groups (1.833 ± 0.042 mm). Dye penetration analysis also revealed statistically significant differences among groups (p = 0.001). Positive control specimens exhibited the highest leakage values, while the negative control group showed no detectable leakage. Post hoc analysis confirmed significant pairwise differences between all experimental groups.

Conclusion: Reciprocating nickel-titanium devices showed better apical sealing ability than manual instrumentation under the constraints of this in vitro study. WaveOne Gold outperformed Reciproc Blue and manual K-files in terms of sealing performance and obturation quality, as evidenced by the lowest microleakage values.